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Compare Arctic Ocean (2001) - Martinique (2001)
Compare Arctic Ocean (2001) z Martinique (2001)
| Arctic Ocean (2001) | Martinique (2001) | |
 |  | |
| Administrative divisions | - | none (overseas department of France) |
| Age structure | - | 0-14 years:
23.1% (male 49,016; female 47,653) 15-64 years: 66.77% (male 139,106; female 140,291) 65 years and over: 10.13% (male 18,893; female 23,495) (2001 est.) |
| Agriculture - products | - | pineapples, avocados, bananas, flowers, vegetables, sugarcane |
| Airports | - | 2 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with paved runways | - | total:
1 over 3,047 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
| Airports - with unpaved runways | - | total:
1 under 914 m: 1 (2000 est.) |
| Area | total:
14.056 million sq km note: includes Baffin Bay, Barents Sea, Beaufort Sea, Chukchi Sea, East Siberian Sea, Greenland Sea, Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait, Kara Sea, Laptev Sea, Northwest Passage, and other tributary water bodies |
total:
1,100 sq km land: 1,060 sq km water: 40 sq km |
| Area - comparative | slightly less than 1.5 times the size of the US | slightly more than six times the size of Washington, DC |
| Background | The Arctic Ocean is the smallest of the world's five oceans (after the Pacific Ocean, Atlantic Ocean, Indian Ocean, and the recently delimited Southern Ocean). The Northwest Passage (US and Canada) and Northern Sea Route (Norway and Russia) are two important seasonal waterways. A sparse network of air, ocean, river, and land routes circumscribes the Arctic Ocean. | Colonized by France in 1635, the island has subsequently remained a French possession except for three brief periods of foreign occupation. |
| Birth rate | - | 15.76 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Budget | - | revenues:
$900 million expenditures: $2.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $140 million (1996) |
| Capital | - | Fort-de-France |
| Climate | polar climate characterized by persistent cold and relatively narrow annual temperature ranges; winters characterized by continuous darkness, cold and stable weather conditions, and clear skies; summers characterized by continuous daylight, damp and foggy weather, and weak cyclones with rain or snow | tropical; moderated by trade winds; rainy season (June to October); vulnerable to devastating cyclones (hurricanes) every eight years on average; average temperature 17.3 degrees C; humid |
| Coastline | 45,389 km | 350 km |
| Constitution | - | 28 September 1958 (French Constitution) |
| Country name | - | conventional long form:
Department of Martinique conventional short form: Martinique local long form: Departement de la Martinique local short form: Martinique |
| Currency | - | French franc (FRF); euro (EUR) |
| Death rate | - | 6.39 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Debt - external | - | $180 million (1994) |
| Dependency status | - | overseas department of France |
| Diplomatic representation from the US | - | none (overseas department of France) |
| Diplomatic representation in the US | - | none (overseas department of France) |
| Disputes - international | some maritime disputes (see littoral states) | none |
| Economic aid - recipient | - | $NA; note - substantial annual aid from France |
| Economy - overview | Economic activity is limited to the exploitation of natural resources, including petroleum, natural gas, fish, and seals. | The economy is based on sugarcane, bananas, tourism, and light industry. Agriculture accounts for about 6% of GDP and the small industrial sector for 11%. Sugar production has declined, with most of the sugarcane now used for the production of rum. Banana exports are increasing, going mostly to France. The bulk of meat, vegetable, and grain requirements must be imported, contributing to a chronic trade deficit that requires large annual transfers of aid from France. Tourism has become more important than agricultural exports as a source of foreign exchange. The majority of the work force is employed in the service sector and in administration. |
| Electricity - consumption | - | 1.023 billion kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - exports | - | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - imports | - | 0 kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production | - | 1.1 billion kWh (1999) |
| Electricity - production by source | - | fossil fuel:
100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (1999) |
| Elevation extremes | lowest point:
Fram Basin -4,665 m highest point: sea level 0 m |
lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m highest point: Montagne Pelee 1,397 m |
| Environment - current issues | endangered marine species include walruses and whales; fragile ecosystem slow to change and slow to recover from disruptions or damage; thinning polar icepack | NA |
| Ethnic groups | - | African and African-white-Indian mixture 90%, white 5%, East Indian, Chinese less than 5% |
| Exchange rates | - | euros per US dollar - 1.0659 (January 2001), 1.0854 (2000), 0.9386 (1999); French francs per US dollar - 5.8995 (1998), 5.8367 (1997), 5.1155 (1996) |
| Executive branch | - | chief of state:
President Jacques CHIRAC of France (since 17 May 1995); Prefect Jean-Francois CORDET (since NA) head of government: President of the General Council Claude LISE (since 22 March 1992); President of the Regional Council Alfred MARIE-JEANNE (since NA March 1998) cabinet: NA elections: French president elected by popular vote for a seven-year term; prefect appointed by the French president on the advice of the French Ministry of Interior; the presidents of the General and Regional Councils are elected by the members of those councils |
| Exports | - | $250 million (f.o.b., 1997) |
| Exports - commodities | - | refined petroleum products, bananas, rum, pineapples |
| Exports - partners | - | France 45%, Guadeloupe 28% (1997) |
| Fiscal year | - | calendar year |
| Flag description | - | a light blue background is divided into four quadrants by a white cross; in the center of each rectangle is a white snake; the flag of France is used for official occasions |
| GDP | - | purchasing power parity - $4.39 billion (1997 est.) |
| GDP - composition by sector | - | agriculture:
6% industry: 11% services: 83% (1997 est.) |
| GDP - per capita | - | purchasing power parity - $11,000 (1997 est.) |
| GDP - real growth rate | - | NA% |
| Geographic coordinates | 90 00 N, 0 00 E | 14 40 N, 61 00 W |
| Geography - note | major chokepoint is the southern Chukchi Sea (northern access to the Pacific Ocean via the Bering Strait); strategic location between North America and Russia; shortest marine link between the extremes of eastern and western Russia; floating research stations operated by the US and Russia; maximum snow cover in March or April about 20 to 50 centimeters over the frozen ocean; snow cover lasts about 10 months | - |
| Highways | - | total:
2,105 km (2000) paved: NA km unpaved: NA km |
| Household income or consumption by percentage share | - | lowest 10%:
NA% highest 10%: NA% |
| Illicit drugs | - | transshipment point for cocaine and marijuana bound for the US and Europe |
| Imports | - | $2 billion (c.i.f., 1997) |
| Imports - commodities | - | petroleum products, crude oil, foodstuffs, construction materials, vehicles, clothing and other consumer goods |
| Imports - partners | - | France 62%, Venezuela 6%, Germany 4%, Italy 4%, US 3% (1997) |
| Independence | - | none (overseas department of France) |
| Industrial production growth rate | - | NA% |
| Industries | - | construction, rum, cement, oil refining, sugar, tourism |
| Infant mortality rate | - | 7.8 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) |
| Inflation rate (consumer prices) | - | 3.9% (1990) |
| International organization participation | - | FZ, WCL, WFTU |
| Internet Service Providers (ISPs) | - | 2 (2000) |
| Irrigated land | - | 40 sq km (1993 est.) |
| Judicial branch | - | Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel |
| Labor force | - | 170,000 (1997) |
| Labor force - by occupation | - | agriculture 10%, industry 17%, services 73% (1997) |
| Land boundaries | - | 0 km |
| Land use | - | arable land:
8% permanent crops: 8% permanent pastures: 17% forests and woodland: 44% other: 23% (1993 est.) |
| Languages | - | French, Creole patois |
| Legal system | - | French legal system |
| Legislative branch | - | unicameral General Council or Conseil General (45 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms) and a unicameral Regional Assembly or Conseil Regional (41 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve six-year terms)
elections: General Council - last held NA March 2000 (next to be held NA 2006); Regional Assembly - last held on 15 March 1998 (next to be held by March 2004) election results: General Council - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - NA; note - the PPM won a plurality; Regional Assembly - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPR-UDF 14, MIM 13, PPM 7, left parties 4, PMS 3 note: Martinique elects 2 seats to the French Senate; elections last held NA September 1998 (next to be held September 2001); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - PPM 2; Martinique also elects 4 seats to the French National Assembly; elections last held 1 June 1997 (next to be held NA 2002); results - percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPR 2, PS 1, independent 1 |
| Life expectancy at birth | - | total population:
78.41 years male: 79.11 years female: 77.69 years (2001 est.) |
| Literacy | - | definition:
age 15 and over can read and write total population: 93% male: 92% female: 93% (1982 est.) |
| Location | body of water between Europe, Asia, and North America, mostly north of the Arctic Circle | Caribbean, island in the Caribbean Sea, north of Trinidad and Tobago |
| Map references | Arctic Region | Central America and the Caribbean |
| Maritime claims | - | exclusive economic zone:
200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
| Merchant marine | - | none (2000 est.) |
| Military - note | - | defense is the responsibility of France |
| Military branches | - | French forces (Army, Navy, Air Force), Gendarmerie |
| National holiday | - | Bastille Day, 14 July (1789) |
| Nationality | - | noun:
Martiniquais (singular and plural) adjective: Martiniquais |
| Natural hazards | ice islands occasionally break away from northern Ellesmere Island; icebergs calved from glaciers in western Greenland and extreme northeastern Canada; permafrost in islands; virtually ice locked from October to June; ships subject to superstructure icing from October to May | hurricanes, flooding, and volcanic activity (an average of one major natural disaster every five years) |
| Natural resources | sand and gravel aggregates, placer deposits, polymetallic nodules, oil and gas fields, fish, marine mammals (seals and whales) | coastal scenery and beaches, cultivable land |
| Net migration rate | - | -0.08 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) |
| Political parties and leaders | - | Martinique Independence Movement or MIM [Alfred MARIE-JEANNE]; Martinique Progressive Party or PPM [Camille DARSIERES]; Martinique Socialist Party or PMS [Ernest WAN-AJOUHU]; Rally for the Republic or RPR [Michel CHARLONE]; Union for French Democracy or UDF (replaced by Martinique Forces of Progress) [Jean MAREN] |
| Political pressure groups and leaders | - | Association for the Protection of Martinique's Heritage (ecologist) [Garcin MALSA]; Caribbean Revolutionary Alliance or ARC; Central Union for Martinique Workers or CSTM [Marc PULVAR]; Frantz Fanon Circle; League of Workers and Peasants; Proletarian Action Group or GAP; Socialist Revolution Group or GRS [Philippe PIERRE-CHARLES] |
| Population | - | 418,454 (July 2001 est.) |
| Population below poverty line | - | NA% |
| Population growth rate | - | 0.93% (2001 est.) |
| Ports and harbors | Churchill (Canada), Murmansk (Russia), Prudhoe Bay (US) | Fort-de-France, La Trinite |
| Radio broadcast stations | - | AM 0, FM 14, shortwave 0 (1998) |
| Radios | - | 82,000 (1997) |
| Railways | - | 0 km |
| Religions | - | Roman Catholic 95%, Hindu and pagan African 5% |
| Sex ratio | - | at birth:
1.02 male(s)/female under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female total population: 0.98 male(s)/female (2001 est.) |
| Suffrage | - | 18 years of age; universal |
| Telephone system | - | general assessment:
domestic facilities are adequate domestic: NA international: microwave radio relay to Guadeloupe, Dominica, and Saint Lucia; satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) |
| Telephones - main lines in use | - | 170,000 (1997) |
| Telephones - mobile cellular | - | 15,000 (1997) |
| Television broadcast stations | - | 11 (plus nine repeaters) (1997) |
| Terrain | central surface covered by a perennial drifting polar icepack that averages about 3 meters in thickness, although pressure ridges may be three times that size; clockwise drift pattern in the Beaufort Gyral Stream, but nearly straight-line movement from the New Siberian Islands (Russia) to Denmark Strait (between Greenland and Iceland); the icepack is surrounded by open seas during the summer, but more than doubles in size during the winter and extends to the encircling landmasses; the ocean floor is about 50% continental shelf (highest percentage of any ocean) with the remainder a central basin interrupted by three submarine ridges (Alpha Cordillera, Nansen Cordillera, and Lomonosov Ridge) | mountainous with indented coastline; dormant volcano |
| Total fertility rate | - | 1.8 children born/woman (2001 est.) |
| Unemployment rate | - | 27.2% (1998) |
| Waterways | - | none |
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